the use of gamma irradiation in plant mutation breeding

MY and ND performed field experiments. [1] D. E. Sanger and W. J. Sen et al. Hd3a Florigen Recruits Different Proteins to Revea ALSV Vector Substantially Shortens Generation Time Development of Transgenic Sorghum Plants with Impr Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahi Evran University, Bagbasi, Krsehir, Turkey, Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara, Dskap, Ankara, Turkey. There is an increasing interest in space exploration and colonization of The quantitatively and qualitatively characterized the mutations induced by acute/chronic gamma ray irradiation in Arabidopsis and these data will aid the understanding of the effects of radiation types and be useful in selecting suitable radiation treatments for mutagenesis. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted This discovery later referred as plant mutation breeding. The improvement of 6-gingerol content in the leaves and whole plant of Zingiber officinale Roscoe by mutation breeding using gamma irradiation as a physical route is the main goal of this study. These findings will be useful in development of a mutation breeding program of sainfoin. However, the first publications of induced mutations (through X-rays) for the plant breeding was published 89 years ago by Muller and Stadler [7, 8]. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. "Putin [48] reported that the activities of several antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in both vegetative and flowering stages, and mutant lines (wheat irradiated by 200 Gy) showing the highest biochemical performance. endobj using nuclear energy in a peaceful way, for example, in energy This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Declares a Nuclear Alert, and Biden Seeks De-escalation. ROS can induce injury of cell compartment, but on the other hand, they induce new gene expression in cells [30]. For example, in 2021 a new cotton variety with improved agronomic performance and fibre quality was developed in Bangladesh in only five years. After that, plastic glasses placed in freezer bags (Figure1E and F) to provide suitable moisture and adaptation to external condition for 1 week grown in the plant growth chamber. Advanced plantlets (Figure1C) were transferred to plastic glasses (Figure1D). Gy irradiation dose and a 30 keV/m linear energy transfer (LET) By using DNA recombinant technologies, the gene encoding a trait precisely manipulated to create novel phenotypes. All It is important for food safety that people are economically and easily accessible to food. Kim et al. This is being explored in astrobotany studies for a different purpose to determine the best ways of growing plants in space. these particle beams can deposit more energy into the plant body and However, radiation can be used to induce mutations and thereby generate genetic variation from which desired mutants may be selected. Afr J Biotechnol 11(34):83838390, Lee JH, Han TH (2014) Selection of mutants obtained by gamma ray irradiation and analysis of genetic variation using RAPD markers in Acorus calamus L. Hort Environ Biotechnol 55(3):207212, Yaycl O, Sen A, Alikmanolu S (2005) Induced of salt tolerance wheat (Triticum aestivum L) mutants with gamma radiation and determining molecular analysis by ISSR. rate of both model plants and model microbes decreases with increasing Mutation breeding has become a powerful tool for developing novel plant germplasm in crops with limited genetic variation or difficult to cross between cultivars (Beyaz and Yildiz 2017). breeding methods, such as cross-breeding and chemical mutagenesis, using Mehtap Yildiz. SUMMARY Genetic variability for resistance to Alternaria leaf spot disease (Alternariahelianthi) can be induced by radiation or chemical . mechanism of particle radiation. Declares a Nuclear Alert, and Biden Seeks De-escalation," New York Accelerated particle radiation can have high and transmitted securely. Genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship among the lines were investigated assuming the specific traits. Theor Appl Genet 103:12541265, Yeh FC, Yang R, Boyle TJ, Ye Z (2000) Pop Gene 32, Microsoft windows-based freeware for population genetic analysis. Acta Hortic 607:4143, Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Irradiation can be used for producing plant varieties with improved qualities, such as higher yields, shorter cultivation time or resistance to climate change, diseases and other stressors (Infographic: Adriana Vargas/IAEA). 2020;160(2):100-109. doi: 10.1159/000506033. Applied since the 1930s to accelerate the process of developing and selecting new valuable agronomic traits, mutation breeding uses a plants own genetic make-up, mimicking the natural process of spontaneous mutation. In the early twentieth century, plant biologists discovered method that the frequency of genetic variations could increase in treated seeds with chemical compounds or radioactive rays. C*$Nm52cN68?uh(=ma?ai8m F`AIw@{*~.q_r2j>x` T~'tq!v4]m|1jPX*t_Dg0 S?? Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in CAS Clustered DNA damage generates many free DNA Survived plantlets (D). Thus, plants can be bred for many generations to achieve the best result without suffering damage or becoming radioactive. The Gamma Greenhouse in Malaysia, which continues to be used for plant irradiation (Photo: U.S. Mission to International Organizations in Vienna). [6] A. Tanaka, A., N. Shikazono, and Y. Hase, (2010). Sci Hortic 130:349353, De Riek J, Calsyn E, Everaert I, Van Bockstaele E, De Loose M (2001) AFLP based alternatives for the assessment of distinctness, uniformity and stability of sugar beet varieties. Regenerated plants from gamma-irradiated stems were grown in the field. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature. endobj Seeds were allowed to germinate and develop at 20 1C under cool white fluorescent light (27 mol m2 s1) with a (16 h light/8 h dark) illumination period for 10 days. Res. Effective Linear Energy Transfer in Heavy-Ion Mutagenesis of Arabidopsis Other types of radiation such as - and -particles, fast neutronsor UV light have also been useful for plant mutation induction. CABI Publishing, New York, pp 294, Simon PW, Pollak L, Clevidence B, Holden J, Haytowitz D (2009) Plant breeding for human nutrition. Middle East J. Agric. MY and GY conceived the project. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol 25(3):234244, Yldz M, Ekbi E, Keles D, ensoy S, Abak K (2011) Use of ISSR, SRAP and RAPD markers to assess genetic diversity in Turkish melons. [39] investigated the expression patterns of diverse genes at various time points after gamma irradiation of young tobacco plants and found three different gene expression pattern (increased, decreased, and no response) of antioxidative enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GST). Bot. Knockout of glutelin genes which form a tandem array with a high level of homology in rice by gamma irradiation. Li F, Shimizu A, Nishio T, Tsutsumi N, Kato H. G3 (Bethesda). In addition to the technical obstacles, there are some debates about unpredictable risks of transgenic technology on environment and food safety, even though many of these debates are baseless. Urbanization will continue at an increasing rate and the majority of the world's population (~70%) will live in urban (compared to 49% today) [49]. This grants the mutation breeding method many comparative advantages: it is cost effective, quick, proven and robust, as well as transferrable, ubiquitously applicable, non-hazardous and environmentally friendly. Google Scholar, Yaycl O, Alikamanolu S (2012) Induction of Salt-Tolerant Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) mutants with gamma irradiation and characterization of genetic variations via RAPD-PCR analysis. Thereafter, a large amount of genetic variability has been induced by various mutagens (physical and chemical) and contributed to modern plant breeding. Authors are grateful to Van Yuzuncu Yil University- Scientific Research Projects Coordinating Office for financial support (Project number: FYL-20176148). This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Mutations (natural process that creates new variants [alleles] of genes) are the main source of all genetic variation in plants as well as in any other organisms [3, 4]. 13, 127 (1973). As a result of excitation and ionization reactions, water molecule (H2O) and H and OH radicals are generated [25]. Mutations occur in such low frequencies that large numbers of seeds must be irradiated, grown and bred over different generations, until a desirable trait is developed. Telephone: +43 (1) 2600-0, Facsimile +43 (1) 2600-7, 19982023 IAEA, All rights reserved. Zingiber officinale Roscoe , commonly known as ginger, is a tropical plant that produces a pungent aromatic rhizome valued worldwide as either spice or . AGRIVITA 34(2):161165, Afrasiab H, Iqbal J (2012) Genetic analysis of somaclonal variants and induced mutants of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) CV. Physical mutagens are a powerful tool used for genetic research and breeding for over eight decades. 2022 Dec 23;10(4):113-128. doi: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-21-00016. An acclimatization process of plantlets to external conditions (DF). J AOAC Int 87:129145, Article 3 0 obj However, beyond direct military applications, Gamma rays are ionizing radiation and used in inducing mutations in seeds and other planting materials such as cuttings, pollen, or tissue-cultured calli [4, 13]. with two gamma irradiation modes. The first target of ionizing radiation is water molecule, which is ubiquitous in any organisms. Oono Y, Ichida H, Morita R, Nozawa S, Satoh K, Shimizu A, Abe T, Kato H, Hase Y. Mutat Res. According to Mohammed et al. However, elik et al. Therefore, humanity has two critical problems such as controlling population growth and increasing food production. x=ks$a>jRvJv|k4=F#@8VjK| @sV?Yju;/?iWo}?Xzw+?j\emWWg~=j=\OM}[mN6gkwrv PubMed Epub 2020 Feb 21. The site is secure. acute X-ray irradiation on the seeds of radish, cabbage and peas, an Times, 22 Feb 27. Survived plantlets (Figure2E) were transferred to plastic glasses which contain soil without NaCl for more development (Figure2E and G). In the study conducted by Beyaz et al. Increasing gamma radiation doses [0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600Gy] were applied to purple carrot seeds. 2020 May-Dec;821:111691. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2020.111691. Plantlets which removed freezer bags in plant growth chamber (B). acute gamma ray irradiation can negatively impact yield of various crop In plant breeding programs, one of the oldest methods is mutation breeding. induced by x-rays and radium in 1928, radiation has been widely adopted The results show that the germination potential, expressed through the final germination percentage and the Germination index, as well as the physiological parameters of maize seedlings (root and shoot lengths) decreased by increasing the irradiation dose. [32], the aim was to investigate effects of gamma radiation on physiological responses of the M1 sainfoin plants. Here, we quantitatively and qualitatively characterized the mutations induced by acute/chronic gamma ray irradiation in Arabidopsis. On the other hand, products of oxidation reactions play an important role some biological process such as aging, some degenerative diseases, differentiation, and development, including serving as subcellular messengers in gene regulatory and signal transduction pathways. Cluster analysis revealed three main groups; (a) non-irradiated (control) plants, (b) plants from the 600Gy dose, and (c) a third group with two subgroups: one with individuals from the lowest irradiation doses (50200Gy) and a second group with individuals from the highest irradiation doses (300500Gy). Twenty-nine plant lines were selected by estimating storage root size, shape and yield. instead of taking lives, have important medical use to save lives Mutation breeding is built on mutation induction and mutation detection. 2017 The Author(s). Mutant Variety Database of the International Atomic Energy Agency Although there are lots of works related to changing transcriptional regulation of various types of genes (especially genes of antioxidative enzymes ) due to gamma irradiation, there are limited reports on permanent and transmissible increased transcript levels of genes, which induced by gamma rays, of antioxidative enzymes in plants. Induced mutagenesis has been successfully applied in release of nearly 3,000 plant varieties especially in cereals, pulses, and flower and has a limited role in improvement of medicinal and aromatic plants. 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